Kratki istorijat Biskupskih Konferencija na terenu sadašnje
Međunarodne biskupske konferencije sv. Ćirila i Metoda
Biskupska konferencija Jugoslavije raspala se paralelno s raspadom bivše Socijalističke federativne republike Jugoslvije (SFRJ) iz koje su postupno nastale samostalne nacionalne konferencije i jedna međunarodna biskupska konferencija.
Završna faza BK Jugoslavije (1991–1993)
• BK Jugoslavije je posljednji put zasedala 1993. godine čime praktično prestaje njezino delovanje u dotadašnjem obliku.
• Već januara 1992, nakon međunarodnog priznanja Slovenije i Hrvatske, hrvatski biskupi zaključuju, na zasjedanju u aprilu 1992, da Jugoslavija kao državna zajednica faktički više ne postoji,
pa stoga ni BK Jugoslavije više ne može postojati u prijašnjem obliku.
• U tom prelaznom razdoblju, još pre formalnih dekreta Svete Stolice, biskupi Jugoslavije počeli su u praksi delovati kao zasebne nacionalne skupine (hrvatska, slovenska i skupina nacionalnosti
koje su ostale u granicama bivše zajedničke države).
Nastanak nacionalnih biskupskih konferencija (Slovenije i Hrvatske)
• Hrvatska biskupska konferencija utemeljena je dekretom Svete Stolice 15. maja 1993. za biskupije na području Republike Hrvatske, odobrivši istovremeno njezin statut.
U osnivačkom dekretu izričito piše da se, nakon nastanka novih samostalnih republika, ukida nekadašnja BK Jugoslavije i uspostavlja Konferencija biskupa Republike Hrvatske.
• Slovenska biskupska konferencija ustanovljena je analogno hrvatskoj, 19. februara 1993. kao samostalna nacionalna konferencija za područje Republike Slovenije (osnova: teritorij
dotadašnjih slovenskih biskupija izdvojenih iz BK Jugoslavije).
• Biskupska konferencija Bosne i Hercegovine (BK BiH) osnovana je 8. decembra 1994. godine odlukom Svete Stolice. Prvo zasedanje konferencije održano je od 27. do 29. januara 1995. godine u Mostaru.
• Već nakon međunarodnog priznanja Slovenije i Hrvatske (januar 1992.) hrvatski biskupi su na zasjedanju u aprilu 1992. zaključili da Jugoslavija kao državna zajednica
faktički ne postoji, pa stoga BK Jugoslavije također više ne može postojati u prijašnjem obliku.
Ovim koracima BK Jugoslavije faktički je podeljena na nacionalne konferencije, čije je područje odgovaralo granicama novonastalih država, i na biskupije iz Srbije, Crne Gore i Makedonije koje su administrativno ostale u granicama bivše zajedničke države.
BK Savezne Republike Jugoslavije (1997–2004)
• Za biskupije (Beograd, Subotica, Zrenjanin, Bar, Kotor, Prizren-administratura) koje su ostale u sastavu tadašnje Savezne Republike Jugoslavije, Sveta Stolica je 1997.
godine odobrila osnivanje Biskupske konferencije Savezne Republike Jugoslavije.
• Političkom transformacijom Savezne Republike Jugoslavije u državnu zajednicu Srbije i Crne Gore 2003, i na crkvenom se planu tražio novi oblik crkvene saradnje.
• Papa Ivan Pavao II. potvrdio je 15. novembra 1997. postojanje BK SR Jugoslavije, a Kongregacija za biskupe je 20. novembra 1997. odobrila je njen Statut sa sedištem u Beogradu.
• U sastav BK SRJ ušlo je šest biskupa: beogradski nadbiskup (ujedno predsednik BK), subotički biskup, zrenjaninski biskup, barski nadbiskup, kotorski biskup i prizrenski apostolski administrator.
Od BK SRJ do BK Srbije i Crne Gore (2003–2004)
• Dotadašnja Biskupska konferencija SR Jugoslavije prilagođena je novom nazivu države, pa se u prelaznoj fazi govori o Biskupskoj konferenciji Srbije i Crne Gore
(de iure isti teritorij i isti biskupi, ali u novom državnom okviru).
• Ta faza bila je kratka i prelazna, jer je Sveta Stolica već pripremala stabilniji, nadnacionalni model koji bi uključio i današnju Severnu Makedoniju.
Međunarodna biskupska konferencija sv. Ćirila i Metoda (od 2004)
• Dana 22. decembra 2004. započinje delovanje Međunarodne biskupske konferencije sv. Ćirila i Metoda (MBK), kao kanonske naslednice BK Srbije i Crne Gore, kojoj je pridodana i Severna Makedonija.
• MBK okuplja biskupije Srbije (latinske: Beograd, Subotica, Zrenjanin; kasnije i Prizren/Prizren Priština; grkokatoličku Krstursku eparhiju), Crne Gore (Barska nadbiskupija, Kotorska biskupija)
i Severne Makedonije (Skopska biskupija i Grkokatolička eparhija).
• Sedište MBK je u Novom Sadu, a deluje prema vlastitom statutu koji odobrava Apostolska Stolica; time se crkveno zajedništvo organizira ne po jednoj naciji, nego po skupini manjih lokalnih Crkava
sličnog istorijskog i pastoralnog profila.
Hronologija događaja nakon prestanka rada BK Jugoslavije
(vreme raspada SFRJ i formiranja samostalnih država)
|
Period
/
godina |
Struktura
/ dekret |
Područje / članice |
|
1993. |
Poslednje zasedanje BK Jugoslavije |
Sve biskupije ex-SFRJ u prelaznom stadiju |
|
15.05.1993. |
Utemeljenje
Hrvatske biskupske konferencije |
Biskupije na
području RH |
|
1993–1994 |
Utemeljenje Slovenske BK |
Biskupije u Sloveniji |
|
15.–20.11.1997. |
Osnivanje BK
Savezne Republike Jugoslavije |
Srbija, Crna
Gora, Prizrenska administratura |
|
2003. |
Preoblikovanje u BK Srbije i Crne Gore |
Isti teritorij, novi državni okvir |
|
22.12.2004. |
Početak rada MBK
sv. Ćirila i Metoda |
Srbija, Crna
Gora, Severna Makedonija |
|
Od 2008. |
|
Srbija, Crna Gora, Severna Makedonija, Prizrenska
administratura, a od 2018. g. Prizrensko-Prištinska
biskupija |
Predsednici biskupske konferencije:
Biskupska konferencija Jugoslavije
• Msgr. Franc Perko (20.11.1997. - 16.04.2001.)
Biskupska konferencija Srbije i Crne Gore (od 2003.)
• Msgr. Stanislav Hočevar, SDB (16.04.2001. - 22.12.2004.)
Međunarodna biskupska konferencija Sv. Ćirila i Metoda (od 22.12.2004.)
• Msgr. Stanislav Hočevar, SDB (22.12.2004. - 07.04.2011.)
• Msgr. Zef Gashi, SDB (07.04.2011. - 16.03.2016.)
• Msgr. Ladislav Nemet, SVD (16.03.2016. - 02.06.2021.)
• Card. Ladislav Nemet, SVD (02.06.2021. - )
Potpredsednici biskupske konferencije:
• Msgr. Stanislav Hočevar (07.04.2011. - 16.03.2016.)
• Msgr. Djura Džudžar (16.03.2016. - 02.06.2021.)
• Msgr. Rrok Gjonlleshaj (02.06.2021. - )
Generalni tajnici biskupske konferencije:
• Fra Leopold Rohmes, OFM (20.11.1997. - 07.04.2011.)
• Msgr. Ladislav Nemet, SVD (07.04.2011. - 16.03.2016.)
• Rev. Mirko Štefković (16.03.2016 - 02.06.2021.)
• Rev. Robert Pastyik (02.06.2021. - )
A brief history of the Bishops’ Conferences on the field of the current
International Bishops’ Conference of Saints Cyril and Methodius
The Bishops’ Conference of Yugoslavia came to an end in parallel with the dissolution of the former Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY), from which there gradually emerged independent national conferences and one international bishops’ conference.
Final phase of the Bishops’ Conference of Yugoslavia (1991–1993)
• The Bishops’ Conference of Yugoslavia held its last plenary assembly in 1993, by which its activity in the existing form effectively ceased.
• Already in January 1992, following the international recognition of Slovenia and Croatia, the Croatian bishops, at their April 1992 plenary session, stated that Yugoslavia as a state community in fact no longer existed and that,
consequently, the Bishops’ Conference of Yugoslavia could no longer continue in its previous form.
• In this transitional period, even before the promulgation of formal decrees of the Holy See, the bishops of Yugoslavia in practice began to act as distinct national groupings (the Croatian and Slovenian
groups and the group of bishops of the territories that remained within the borders of the former common state).
Establishment of the national bishops’ conferences of Slovenia and Croatia
• The Croatian Bishops’ Conference was erected by decree of the Holy See on 15 May 1993 for the dioceses within the territory of the Republic of Croatia,
and at the same time its statutes were approved. In the establishing decree it is expressly stated that, following the emergence of new independent republics, the former Bishops’ Conference of Yugoslavia
is suppressed and the Conference of Bishops of the Republic of Croatia is erected.
• The Slovenian Bishops’ Conference was erected, analogously to the Croatian one, on 19 February 1993 as an autonomous national conference for the territory of the Republic of Slovenia, on the basis
of the dioceses in Slovenia which had previously formed part of the Bishops’ Conference of Yugoslavia.
• The Bishops’ Conference of Bosnia and Herzegovina (BK BiH) was erected on 8 December 1994 by decision of the Holy See. Its first plenary assembly was held from 27 to 29 January 1995 in Mostar.
• Already after the international recognition of Slovenia and Croatia (January 1992), the Croatian bishops had resolved, at their plenary session in April 1992, that Yugoslavia as a state community in fact no longer existed and that,
for that reason, the Bishops’ Conference of Yugoslavia could likewise no longer exist in its earlier form.
By these steps, the Bishops’ Conference of Yugoslavia was in fact divided into national conferences whose territories corresponded to the borders of the new states, and into the dioceses of Serbia, Montenegro and (then) Macedonia, which administratively remained within the borders of the former common state.
Bishops’ Conference of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (1997–2004)
• For the dioceses (Belgrade, Subotica, Zrenjanin, Bar, Kotor, Prizren – apostolic administration) which remained in the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, the Holy See, in 1997,
approved the erection of the Bishops’ Conference of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
• Following the political transformation of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia into the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro in 2003, a corresponding new form of ecclesial cooperation was sought at the level of the particular Churches.
• On 15 November 1997 Pope John Paul II confirmed the erection of the Bishops’ Conference of the FR Yugoslavia, and on 20 November 1997 the Congregation for Bishops approved its statutes, establishing its seat in Belgrade.
• The Bishops’ Conference of the FRY comprised six bishops: the Archbishop of Belgrade (who also served as president of the conference), the Bishop of Subotica, the Bishop of Zrenjanin, the Archbishop of Bar, the Bishop of Kotor and the Apostolic Administrator of Prizren.
From the Bishops’ Conference of the FRY to the Bishops’ Conference of Serbia and Montenegro (2003–2004)
• The existing Bishops’ Conference of the FR Yugoslavia was adapted to the new name and constitutional form of the state, so that in this interim phase reference is made to the Bishops’ Conference of Serbia and Montenegro (de iure the same territory and the same bishops,
but within a new state framework).
• This phase was brief and transitional, since the Holy See was already preparing a more stable, supranational structure that would also include what is today North Macedonia.
International Bishops’ Conference of Saints Cyril and Methodius (from 2004)
• On 22 December 2004 the International Bishops’ Conference of Saints Cyril and Methodius (CEICM) began its activity as the canonical successor of the Bishops’ Conference of Serbia and Montenegro, to which North Macedonia was joined.
• The CEICM brings together the dioceses of Serbia (Latin dioceses and archdioceses of Belgrade, Subotica, Zrenjanin; later also Prizren-Priština; and the Greek-Catholic Eparchy of Krstur), of Montenegro (the Archdiocese of Bar and the Diocese of Kotor) and of North Macedonia
(the Diocese of Skopje and the Greek-Catholic Eparchy).
• The seat of the CEICM is in Novi Sad, and it functions in accordance with its own statutes approved by the Apostolic See; thus ecclesial communion is structured not on the basis of a single nation, but as a grouping of smaller local Churches with a similar historical and pastoral profile.
Presidents of the bishops’ conference
Bishops’ Conference of Yugoslavia
• Msgr. Franc Perko (20.11.1997. - 16.04.2001.)
Bishops’ Conference of Serbia and Montenegro (from 2003)
• Msgr. Stanislav Hočevar, SDB (16.04.2001. - 22.12.2004.)
International Bishops’ Conference of Saints Cyril and Methodius (from 22.12.2004.)
• Msgr. Stanislav Hočevar, SDB (22.12.2004. - 07.04.2011.)
• Msgr. Zef Gashi, SDB (07.04.2011. - 16.03.2016.)
• Msgr. Ladislav Nemet, SVD (16.03.2016. - 02.06.2021.)
• Card. Ladislav Nemet, SVD (02.06.2021. - )
Vice-presidents of the bishops’ conference:
• Msgr. Stanislav Hočevar (07.04.2011. - 16.03.2016.)
• Msgr. Djura Džudžar (16.03.2016. - 02.06.2021.)
• Msgr. Rrok Gjonlleshaj (02.06.2021. - )
Secretaries-general of the bishops’ conference:
• Friar Leopold Rohmes, OFM (20.11.1997. - 07.04.2011.)
• Msgr. Ladislav Nemet, SVD (07.04.2011. - 16.03.2016.)
• Rev. Mirko Štefković (16.03.2016 - 02.06.2021.)
• Rev. Robert Pastyik (02.06.2021. - )